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Influencia de genes exóticos sobre la vida en estantería y el peso del fruto de tomate Influence of exotic genes on tomato fruit shelf life and weight
J.H. Pereira da Costa,V.A. Martínez,G.R. Rodríguez,G.R. Pratta
Agriscientia , 2009,
Abstract: Una característica importante en tomate cultivado (Solanum lycopersicum) es la vida en estantería de los frutos (VE), que puede ser incrementada por incorporación de genes exóticos. Esta alternativa, sin embargo, implica una reducción en el peso (Pe). El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la herencia de ambos caracteres en un cruzamiento interespecífico, para aplicar luego esta información básica al delineamiento de estrategias de mejoramiento genético. Se utilizaron la cultivar Caimanta, la accesión exótica LA722 (S. pimpinellifolium) y las generaciones F1, F2, BC I.1 (F1 x LA722) y BC I.2 (Caimanta x F1). Se calcularon el grado de dominancia (d/a), la heredabilidad en sentido amplio (H2) y la heredabilidad en sentido estricto (h2) para Pe y VE, así como las correlaciones fenotípica (r f) y genética (r g) entre ellos. El d/a fue -1 y -0,86; H2, 0,35 y 0,45; y h2, 0 y 0,52, para Pe y VE respectivamente. La r f fue 0,36 (p < 0,01) y r g, - 0,86. Se generó variancia genética para los caracteres Pe y VE a partir de un cruzamiento interespecífico de tomate; el componente de variación aditiva fue importante para VE pero nulo para Pe, con una asociación fuerte entre efectos génicos opuestos para estos caracteres. Fruit shelf life (SL) is an important trait in the cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) that might be increased by introgressing exotic genes. However, this approach causes a reduction in fruit weight (W). The objective of this research was to analyse the inheritance patterns of both traits in an interspecific cross, in order to subsequently design the appropriate breeding strategy. Plant material included cv. Caimanta, accession LA722 of the exotic S. pimpinellifolium, and their F1, F2, BC I.1 (F1 x LA722) and BC I.2 (Caimanta x F1) generations. The genetic parameters, degree of dominance (d/a), broad sense heritability (H2), and narrow sense heritability (h2) were estimated for SL and W, and the phenotypic (r p) and the genetic (r g) correlations among them were calculated. The d/a were -1 and -0.86, H2 were 0.35 and 0.45, and h2 were 0 and 0.52, for W and SL respectively. The r p was 0.36 (p < 0.01) and r g was - 0.86. Genetic variance was generated for both fruit weight and shelf life from this interspecific tomato cross, the additive variance component being important for SL but null for W. Also, a strong association among opposite gene effects was detected for both traits.
Influencia de genes exóticos sobre la vida en estantería y el peso del fruto de tomate
Pereira da Costa,J.H.; Martínez,V.A.; Rodríguez,G.R.; Pratta,G.R.; Zorzoli,R.;
Agriscientia , 2009,
Abstract: fruit shelf life (sl) is an important trait in the cultivated tomato (solanum lycopersicum) that might be increased by introgressing exotic genes. however, this approach causes a reduction in fruit weight (w). the objective of this research was to analyse the inheritance patterns of both traits in an interspecific cross, in order to subsequently design the appropriate breeding strategy. plant material included cv. caimanta, accession la722 of the exotic s. pimpinellifolium, and their f1, f2, bci.1 (f1 x la722) and bci.2 (caimanta x f1) generations. the genetic parameters, degree of dominance (d/a), broad sense heritability (h2), and narrow sense heritability (h2) were estimated for sl and w, and the phenotypic (rp) and the genetic (rg) correlations among them were calculated. the d/a were -1 and -0.86, h2 were 0.35 and 0.45, and h2 were 0 and 0.52, for w and sl respectively. the rp was 0.36 (p < 0.01) and rg was - 0.86. genetic variance was generated for both fruit weight and shelf life from this interspecific tomato cross, the additive variance component being important for sl but null for w. also, a strong association among opposite gene effects was detected for both traits.
Neuralgia del trigémino
Boto,G.R.;
Neurocirugía , 2010, DOI: 10.4321/S1130-14732010000500001
Abstract: trigeminal neuralgia continues to be an illness poorly known for many general practitioners and what is even worse, badly handled by many of the specialists in charge of cephalic neuralgias. in this paper i resume the main knowledge about trigeminal neuralgia reviewing the clinical, physiopathological, and therapeutical aspects of this condition.
John Palmer and plantation development in Western Java during the earlier nineteenth century
G.R. Knight
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde , 1975,
Abstract:
Comparative Study of Breast-Feeding State among Fars (Native) Torkman, and Sistani Ethnic Group of Rural Areas in Gorgan District
G.R. Veghari
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition , 2006,
Abstract: This study is a epidemiological description study that has been carried out for determining the status of breast feeding and extra feeding in the children of the Gorgan rural. Three race of the Gorgan rural such as Fars (native), Torkman and immigrants of sistani have been compared. Among 118 Gorgan rural, 20 of them were chosen by systematical simple random way. All children of 0-6 years old were studied. On the whole, 2890 children were studied. Results showed that 1) in the first six-month after birth, 86.1% children are nourished by breast milk. The Torkman races have significant statistical differences with Fars (native) and Sistani races (p< 0.05), 2) 34.6% children of Gorgan rural have begun extra feeding from six-month age. The highest and the lowest ratio have been observed in sistani (40.1%) and Fars (native) children (30.5%) respectively, 3) in the Gorgan children, the rate of the breast-feeding is higher than that was reported for whole the country. The children of the sistani race who live in Gorgan rural should be more supported from the nutritional viewpoint and the education of the breast-feeding must be considered more than the others. According to the results of this study, it can be conclude that social and cultural factors could change in the patterns of the children` nutrition.
WOUND INFECTION
G.R. BAJWA
The Professional Medical Journal , 2009,
Abstract: Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of infection in clean surgical cases (General & Orthopaedic). Study Design: A descriptive study. Place & Duration of Study: This descriptive study was conducted at department of surgery & orthopaedic DHQ Teaching Hospital Sargodha from July 2007 to Dec, 2008. Patients & Methods: In this study 1500 clean surgical cases were included. Wounds were examined on third post operative day and then regularly after removal of stitches. Surgical wounds were examined finally on fifteenth post operative days. Description of wound condition and detailed data of patients were collected on preformed performas. Patients with wound infection developed pain at operation site and fever on third post operative day. Wounds were examined for swelling, redness, discharge; stitch abscess. Routine investigations were done as per protocol ie complete blood examination, complete urine examination, blood sugar, C-reactive proteins etc. Wounds swab was taken for microscopy and culture sensitivity. Results: This study was carried out on fifteen hundred clean surgical cases (General & Orthopaedic). There were 1064 males and 436 females. Male to Female ratio was 2.4: 1. Infection was detected in 110 patients (7.3%) while no infection was found in 1390. Infection was maximum in patients more than 60 yrs of age (10.9%). Wound infection was minimum in young patients (3.5%).commonest micro organism isolated from the infected wound was staphylococcus areus. Other organism isolated was streptococcus pyogenes, proteus and pseudomonas. No MRSA was detected. Conclusion: In our case study clean cases were found generally free of infection especially young patients. Whereas increased incidence of infection was noted in old patients. Wound infection is associated with significant morbidity in the form of delayed wound heeling, prolonged hospital stay and increased economical pressure on the patient.
LONGTERM CHANGES IN SPE CIES COMPOSITION OF SWISS BEECH FORESTS
G.R. WALTHER
Annali di Botanica , 1997,
Abstract: Even in so called undisturbed forest ecosystems there have always been all sorts of changes in structure and species composition going on. The presented study tries to distinguish between natural changes in species composition due to the natural forest life-cycle and new occurring, possibly man induced changes in forest vegetation, which have happend within the last thirty years. General trends have been elaborated and different causes drawn up. More detailed results concerning beech forest are presented and discussed in a broader context with other recent studies conducted in Europe to the same topic.
Neuralgia del trigémino Trigeminal neuralgia
G.R. Boto
Neurocirugía , 2010,
Abstract: La neuralgia del trigémino continúa siendo una enfermedad desconocida para muchos médicos generales y lo que resulta aun peor, mal manejada por muchos de los especialistas encargados de la misma. En este trabajo se resumen las principales características anatomo-clínicas, fisiopatológicas y terapéuticas de esta entidad. Trigeminal neuralgia continues to be an illness poorly known for many general practitioners and what is even worse, badly handled by many of the specialists in charge of cephalic neuralgias. In this paper I resume the main knowledge about trigeminal neuralgia reviewing the clinical, physiopathological, and therapeutical aspects of this condition.
Currently important animal disease management issues in sub-Saharan Africa : policy and trade issues
G.R. Thomson
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research , 2010, DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v76i1.76
Abstract: The present international approach to management of transboundary animal diseases (TADs) is based on the assumption that most can be eradicated ; consequently, that is the usual objective adopted by international organizations concerned with animal health. However, for sub-Saharan Africa and southern Africa more particularly, eradication of most TADs is impossible for the foreseeable future for a variety of technical, financial and logistical reasons. Compounding this, the present basis for access to international markets for products derived from animals requires that the area of origin (country or zone) is free from trade-influencing TADs. The ongoing development of transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs), extending across huge areas of southern Africa, therefore presents a development conundrum because it makes creation of geographic areas free from TADs more difficult and brings development based on wildlife conservation on the one hand and that based on livestock production on the other into sharp conflict. Sub-Saharan Africa is consequently confronted by a complex problem that contributes significantly to retarded rural development which, in turn, impedes poverty alleviation. In southern Africa specifically, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) presents the greatest problem in relation to access to international markets for animal products. However, it is argued that this problem could be overcome by a combination between (1) implementation of a commodity-based approach to trade in products derived from animals and (2) amendment of the international standards for FMD specifically (i.e. the FMD chapter in the Terrestrial Animal Health Code of the World Organisation for Animal Health [OIE]) so that occurrence of SAT serotype viruses in free-living African buffalo need not necessarily mean exclusion of areas where buffalo occur from international markets for animal products. This would overcome a presently intractable constraint to market access for southern African countries and enable conservation and livestock production to be more effectively integrated, to the benefit of both.
NIGERIA'S RETURN TO CIVILLIAN RULE
G.R. Pardoe
Scientia Militaria : South African Journal of Military Studies , 2012, DOI: 10.5787/10-3-698
Abstract: One reason why there is 'always something new out of Africa' is that there are so few old, all-embracing and extensive institutions capable either of denying or of even moderating change. Africa is a most exciting continent, in part because of its potential for change. This is in sharp contrast to the cultural and religious limitations on change characteristic of much of Latin America, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East. New ideologies, new politics, new constitutions and procedures, are to be expected out of Africa. (p. 18
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